Oil burner nozzle



June 30, 1953 B. PIERONI,

OIL BURNER NOZZLE Filed June 27, 1951 I! J4 V I x 155- INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented June 30, 1953 Bruno Pieroni, Bronx, N. Y. Application June 27, 1951, Serial No. 233,769

This invention relates to oil burning heating units, and more particularly to means for curing the faults prevalent in many of the units in use at the present time.

As is well known, many of the oil burner units comprise a pump, a bellows valve and a means for discharging the fuel in spray form into a combustion chamber where it is ignited by means of an electric spark. In operation, the pump is rendered operative automatically in response to a drop in temperature of an enclosed area which 'is' to be heated to a predetermined value. The pump builds up pressure sufficient to open the bellows valve and force the oil froma suitable source of supply through the bellows into the discharge portion or nozzle from which it is sprayed, still under pressure supplied by the pump, into the combustion chamber and ignited by the aforementioned spark. The system continues in operation until a predetermined temperature value is reached in the area being heated, at which time the pump is automatically rendered inoperative causing the pressure to be reduced and the bellows valve to close, thus preventing further feeding of oil to the combustion chamber.

These heating units are open to the objection that when the pump stops and the bellows valve closes, the oil remaining in the line between the bellows valve and the nozzle, instead of being discharged in a fine spray which is needed to insure combustion, simply drips into the combustion chamber and remains in an unburned state. This unburned fuel due to the: heat remaining in the chamber will vaporize and the resultant gases thus formed may be set off when the pump is again rendered operative and the igniting spark activated, to result in an explosion.

Another objection to such units is that the bellows valve frequently fails to close properly with the result that it does not completely shut off the flow of fuel to the discharge nozzle. The fuel in the line between the pump and the bellows valve will leak into the discharge nozzle and thence into the combustion chamber, where the fuel will vaporize due to the residual heat in the chamber and result in an accumulation of combustible gases. These gases may be exploded when the unit is again activated and the spark created. In addition, in many of the discharge nozzles in use in oil burner units, the fuel takes a more or less circuitous path from the inlet port to the point at which it is discharged into the combustion chamber. This may result in an unsteady flow of fuel. Furthermore, in order to permit ease Of manufacture and assembly, fea- 1 Claim. (Cl. 299-418) tures which many nozzles in use do not possess, it is an aim of the present invention to provide a unitary structure within the nozzle housing to obviate the necessity for a complicated manufacturing process.

The above as well as other. objections will be overcome in the present invention by means of an adjustable valve which'is adapted to open as soon as the bellows valve opens under the pressure applied by the pump. The valve will close as soon as the pump ceases to function, and will trap the fuel in the line between the bellows Valve and the discharge nozzle, also serving to prevent fuelfrom leaking into the discharge nozzle if the bellows valve fails to close properly. When the pump is activated the bellows valve and the adjustable valve will opento permit fuel to enter the discharge nozzle. Also in accordance with the present invention, the fuel will flow in an unimpeded path from the inlet port of the discharge nozzle to the dischargeaperture once the unit is activated when the temperature of the enclosed area drops to a predetermined value.

For a clear understanding of the present invention reference may be made to the accompanying drawing wherein the invention has been shown merely by way of example and in preferred form. However, many variations and modificatlons may be made therein which will still be comprised within its spirit. It is to be understood therefore, that the invention is not to be limited to any specific form or embodiment except insofar as such limitations are specified in the appended claim.

Referring to the drawings- Fig. 1 is an enlarged elevation partly in section of a discharge nozzle.

Fig. 2 is an end. view of the discharge portion of the internal structure of the discharge nozzle with the external housing shown in broken lines.

Referring to the drawings, a nozzle, generally represented by the reference character A, of the type used in connection with an oil burning-unit, is provided With an external threaded portion A to enable it to be coupled as usualto the feed line (not shown) leading from the bellows valve (also not shown) f In accordance with the present invention, the nozzle A is provided with an outer housing [0, which has a small aperture ll formed in its forward end to permit the discharge of fuel, and is adapted at its rearward end to be coupled with a cap l2,having an inlet port l3 provided with a screen filter [4, to prevent the inflow of solid material into the chamber formed by the inner periphery of the housing it. Positioned between the end of the housing Ill and the inlet port I 3 and adapted to be threadably coupled to the internal portion of the housing i9 is a' I51) is provided with a series of radial slots: is. Formed in the forward portion oi the head 15a is a plurality of channels IEO: which serve finally to provide access to the discharge aperture I l .l

Thus, a continuous path of flow through the nozzle A. is provided'fcr fuel injected through the screened inlet port 13;

Serving tomaintain the inlet port 13 closed whenv the oil burner is inactive is avalve. 18 held in engagement with the inlet port, by a spring H, which latter is contained Within the hollow stem 15 .015. the-inner housing l5, In. order to adjust the pressure: of the spring ll: against the valve i8 so that the valve will: open the. in-

let-portat or slightly below the pressure. exerted 7 against it by the pumpof the oil burner unit, there. is provided. an adjustable sleeve l9 threadably coupled to a screw 20- which banks against the. inner wall l=5e of the hollow stem His, and

is maintained in that position by thepressure of the spring-H against the sleeve 19. The force exerted by the. spring H. may be increased or do creased by manually adjusting the position of the sleeve. 1:9 on screw Ell-forwardly or rearwardly with respectto the-valve l8. 7

Itmay. be seen, therefore, that when oil is; injected under. pressure supplied by the pump through the screened inlet port 13, the valve l8 will open to permit the passage of the oil through the passageway 1512!, through the slots 16, and thence through the channels (Ba to'the discharge aperture I I from which point it enters the com- 4 bustion chamber in the form of a spray and is ignited in the usual manner. When the pump ceases the function in the course of its regulated operation and the pressure drops, the valve 18 under the pressure exerted by the spring I! will close immediately, shutting off the flow of oil into the nozzle A and trapping it in the line between the bellows valve and the valve it.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

In a nozzle for use with liquids discharged under pressure, the combination of an external housing having a discharge aperture, an inlet port, a valve, aunitary internal structure threadably coupled to said external housing, said unitary internal structure having at one end a head portion adjacent. the discharge aperture, a

coupling portion, and an open ended stem of tubular cross section arranged adjacent said valve, said stem having therein a threaded stud abutting its rearwardwalla sleeve; adjustably threaded upon said stud, a. yielding member arranged between said sleeveand. said valve, said sleevebeing capable of endwise adjustment upon said stud with respectto said yieldingv member to. exert pressure upon. said yielding member of a. predetermined. and adjustable value, a. passageway formedibetweenr the outer periphery of. said. stem and the inner periphery of said external housing andv channels through said coupling portion. and said head portion, said passageway and. said channels providing a. continuous and uncle.- structed path. between said valve. and said dis.- charge aperture.

BRUNO. PIERONIL.

References Cited in the fileof this patent UNITED STATES. PATENTS Date Joyce. Mar. 25, 1952 

